Some people would say that the only safe night walking is done on a treadmill. Depending on your area, they might be right. In any case, if walking or jogging is a major part of your exercise plan, a treadmill is a necessary item. This way you can still walk outside, but when the weather or other details prevent you from safely walking outside, you can still get your exercise. Just keep in mind that it's always a good idea to switch things up a little, even if you prefer a treadmill to outdoor walking. When you do walk outside, take a few precautions to keep safe at night.
Reflective clothing is a must since one of the biggest risks you face is getting hit by an oncoming car. If you don't have any reflective clothing, put some strips of reflective tape on the front and back of your jacket and/or leggings. You can also use small flashing lights or add reflective tape just about anywhere on your body. Light clothing helps too. The better oncoming cars can see you, the safer you will be.
Not everyone you see is out to hurt you, but it doesn't hurt to be prepared. A simple bottle of pepper spray or small taser on your wrist may be the perfect addition to your night walking ensemble. Use defensive items that can dangle from your wrist with a wrist cord so it cannot easily be taken from you. Hold it in your hand as you walk so it just looks like you are clenching your fist or holding a small weight.
A lot of people prefer to walk with music in their ears. It helps keep them motivated and can even make the time seem to go faster. The problem is that some of the worst elements come out in night, feeling a false sense of security in the dark. You need to be able to hear your surroundings so that you know when someone is coming up behind you. Of course, not everyone coming up behind you is a mugger, but you're still safer if you know to get out of the way when another jogger or biker is behind you on your favorite trail.
When night walking, be sure to let someone know where you are going and approximately how long you will be gone. This way if something does happen, like a fall or an accident, they know where and when to look for you.